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W; TAYLOR.

MACHINE FOR MAKING WIRE NAILS.

Patented Feb. 27; 1883.

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MACHINE FOR MAKING WIRE NAILS. No. 273.190. Patented Feb. 27,1883.

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W. TAYLOR.

MACHINE-FOR MAKING WIRE NAILs.

N0.'Z73,190. Patented Peb.27, 1883.

Wihxesses. lure/10M To all whom it. may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM TAYLOR, OF PITTSBURG, PA., ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TO ISRAEL G. PERSHING AND SIMEON BISSELL, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

/ MACHINE FOR MAKING WIRE NAILS.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,190, dated February 27, 1883.

Application filed-April 4,1 82. N0 model.)

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM TAYLOR, of Pittshurg, in'the countyof Allegheny, and in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Wire Nails; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements on machinery which is designed for the manufacture of wrought-iron and steel nails from round or angular wire or rods; and the nature of my invention consists in certain novel mechanism for automatically feeding forward the nail rod or wire, forming burrs or teeth on the same, gripping the rod or wire, heading the same, pointing, and knocking the finished nails from the machine, which operations are performed successively and with great rapidity upon cold metal, as will be fully understood from the following description, when taken in connection with the'anncxed drawings, in which- Figure l is an elevation of one side of my improved machine, wiih the balancewheel removed and a portion of the main shaft broken off. Fig. l is a side elevation of one of the levers for actuating the reciprocating grippingbar, also showing the lifting-spring and the cam on the main shaft for vibrating this lever, and a portion of the bed of the machine. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the front of the machine. Fig. 3 is a plan view with a portion of the bed of the frame broken away. Fig. 4 is a top view, enlarged, of the springs and their frame, by means of which the header receives its forward or active strokes. Fig. 5 is a face view of one of the heads between which the headersprings are confined. Fig. 6 is an end view of the cross-head ofthe spring-frame. Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal section of the feeding and burr or tooth forming devices applied to their reciprocating carriage, and also shows a wire, the guide thereof, and part of the framebed. Fig. Sis a view of the burror tooth forming devices in detail. Fig. 9 isa rear view of whatI denominate the tool-box, showing the gripping and pointing tools therein. Fig.

10 is a verticallongitudinal section taken centrally through Fig. 9, on lineman. Figs. 11. and 12 are views of one of the gripping-tools detached from the box of Figs. 9 and 10. Fig. 13 is a view iii-detail of part of the header, showing the cam on the main shaft,\vhich, acting against the lug on the header, gives the backward strokes thereto, compressing the springs, which shoot it forward to form a head on a nail. Figs. 14,15, 16, and 17 are per spective views and cross-sections of four diffcrent kinds of nails which may be produced by my improved machine. Fig. 18 is a vertical longitudinal section through Figs. 9 and 10. Fig. 19 is a perspective view ofone end of the cutting-bar N.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

In the drawings hereto annexed, A designates the bed or top of the main frame of the machine, which is constructed in a rigid substantial manner and cast with suitable bearings and guides for the parts which it is adapted to receive and support.

B designates the main driving-shaft, which is journaled in the frame A near its rear part, and which has keyed on one end a balancewheel, B, and a loose and a fast belt-wheel.

(Shown in Fig. 2.)

On that end of the main rotating shaft B opposite the end bearing the fly or balance wheel B a circular slotted box or plate, a, is rigidly secured by forging or otherwise, and in the slot of the plate a is a block which bears a wrist-pin, and which is adjustable by means of a screw, (1., for giving more or less eccentricity to the said wrist-,pin with respect to the longitudinal axis of the main shaft B.

()n the wrist-pin one end of a connectingrod, B is applied, the opposite end of which is applied to the free end of a short arm, 0,

which is keyed on a horizontal rock-shaft, G,

,nicety by adjusting the wrist-pin more or less eccentric to the axis of the main shaft.

I also key an arm, 0 on the rock-shaft-O,

the upper end of which is suitably connected to the bottom of a slide, D, that receives a reciprocating motion in a right line in the direction of the length of the main frame, the length of the motion given to this slide determining the length of the nails to be made.

D designates a stationary upright. plate, in which is inserted a removable but fixed eyepiece, I), having a hole or eye through it of a size and shape adapted to serve as a guide and director for the wire on its way to the nail-forming devices. After passing through the eye b the wire passes freely through a plate, c, on the slide 1), thence over a steel block, 0, suitably secured to a raised part of the slide D, and thence between two peculiarlyspurred wheels, (I d, hereinafter explained.

Directly above the steel block 0 is a vertical plate, 0, the lower edge of which is beveled to an acute edge, as shown in Fig. 7, and adapted to bite upon the nail-wire when the slide D is moved forward, and thus move the nail-wire forward the proper length to form a nail. hen the slide D is moved back the biting-plate 0 will slip freely over the nail-wire. This biting-plate e is rigidly secured to cars a which are pivoted at-fto standards rising from the slide D, and to a vertical extension, 0, of said ears a screw-threaded pin, g, is applied, one end of which passes freely through the plate 0 and receives an adjusting-nut, g, on it.-

Between the vertical extension 0 and the plate 0 a spring, 9 is coiled around the pin 9 and compressed more or less by adjusting the nut g. The spring will thus act to hold the biting-plate 6 down on the nail-wire with sufficient force to feed this wire forward at every forward stroke of the slide D, but will yield and allow the plate 0 to slide freely over the nail-wire during the back-strokes of said slide.

The lower one of the wheels (I d is allowed to 'turn on a fixed hearing which is rigidly secured to a standard, E, bolted to the slide D, and movable with it. The upper wheel, d, is free to turn on a bearing, which is vertically adjustable by means of a screw in a slot formed recession of the slide D; but when this slide is moved forward to feed the nail-wire to the gripping, cutting off, and pointing and heading devices the wheels (I d are inert.

F designates what I den'ominate a toolbox, which is rigid upon the frame-bed A, and arranged in advance of the feeding and barring devices above described. Through the front plate of this tool-box the nail-wire passes freely, and first passes between gripping-bars G G and then between two pointing-bars, N N. Before the pointingbars are brought into action to point and cut off a nail, a header, J, is shot forward and forms the head on the nail while it is confined between the gripping-bars G G., After the head is formed and the pointers recede laterally a knocking-lever is brought into play and discharges the finished nail from the machine. The gripping-bars have impressions made on their steel-faced inner ends, which indent the nail-wire, and thus positively prevent it from slipping during the headingoperation. and also during the recession of the slide D. The gripping-bar G abuts against the square head of a screw, G, which is tapped through the block L of the frame-bed A, and is provided with a jam-nut, '1 By adjusting this nut the gripping-bar G can be moved up to or from the gripping-bar G, as circumstances may require. The gripping-bar G is moved away from the gripping-bar G by means of a coiled spring, j, and this bar is moved up to the bar G by means of a wedge, 70, on the front end of a lever, M. This lever is of angular form, and it hasits fulcrum at l on standards rising from and cast on the frame A. The rear end of lever M is acted on by a single-throw canmn, on the main shaftB, which at proper times causes the wedge is to move forward the gripping-bar G and'grip the nail-rod. A spring, s, (shown clearly in Fig. 1=,) lifts the front end of lever M and keeps the anti-friction roller at its rear end down.

N N designate the pointing and cutting-off bars, which have their hearings in verticallyadjustable boxes F F, and which are moved outward, or from each other, by means of springs s s, and at proper times are forcibly brought together by means of wedges w 10, (said wedges being carried on levers W W, actuated at the proper time by cams on shaft 13,) acting on adjustable push-bars p p. The boxes F F are vertically adjustable by means of screws n 'n, and the push-bars p p are adjustable by means of nuts 0 0. (Shownin Fig. 3.) The pointing ends of the bars N N have vertical cuttingedges, from the centers of which diverge radial cutting-edges formed by beveling the ends of these bars.

It is obvious that chisel-edged nails maybe formed by beveling the ends of the bars N N so as to correspond to such formation.

It will be seen by reference to Fig. 10 that there is a short space left between the back surfaces of the gripping dies or bars G G and the pointingbars N N. This space gives the length of nail-wire which is necessary to form a head on a nail.

Its

1 will. now describe the mechanism for formbefore the nails are pointed and separated from the wire, as before stated. The header J is endwise movable in guides q q, and its rear end is rigidly secured to a circular plate, K, to which four rods are secured by collars and nuts, as shown in Figs 1. and 4. These four rods are free to pass through a circular plate, K,to the center of which a screw, P, is attached by a swivel. Around each one of thefour rods above referred to a helical spring, S, is applied, and the screw P is tapped through a crosshead, P, that is rigidly but adjustablv secured by set-screws r r to parallel rods R It, which are bolted to lugs formed on the rear guide, q. The object of the screw P is to adjust the tension 7 of the springs S, and a hand-wheel, P is applied on its rear end to facilitate the adjustment, and a jam-nut, t, is used to prevent it from turning by jar. The header J is moved backward by a comparatively slow motion during the feeding forward of the nail-wire by means of a toe or cam, T, keyed on the shaft B, acting on a lug, T,made'fast to the header, as shown in Fig. 1 During this back-stroke of the header the four springs S will becompressed, and when the toe T slips from its lug the springs will with considerable force shoot the header forward against the protruding end of a nail-wire and form a nail-head against the two inner ends of the gripping-bars.

V lesignates an angular lever which has its fulcrum at a. The rear end of this lever is at It is obvious that my invention is applicable to the manufacture of spikes, rivets, and other like articles.

Having described my invention, I claim as new-- 1. In a machine for making nails, the combination of a guide for the nail-wire, a rectilinear reciprocating carriage or slide, a yieldin g feeder and burring-wheels on this carriage, operating substantially in the manner and for the purposes described.

2. The combination, with the slide or carriage D, the yielding feeder, and burring devices, of the tension-spring and the adjustable nut therefor, substantially as described.

3. The combination of burringdevices and a spring-actuated feeder with a slide or carriage, when said devices are secured to and movable with the slide or carriage, substan tially as described.

4. ha nail-making machine of the character described, the combination of the slide D, hearing the feeder and burring devices, the grippers, the pointers, and the header, actuatedas described, an adjustable wrist-pin, a connecting'rod, a rock-shaft, and a vibrating arm, substantially as described.

In testimony whereofI aifix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 4th day of April, 1882.

WILLIAM TAYLOR.

Witnesses J. J. MCCARTHY, EDWIN L. YEWELL. 

